The Effectiveness And Side Effect Possibilities Of The...

Assessment of the effectiveness and side-effect possibilities of the combined treatment for type-2 diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease which is mainly caused by the abnormalities of insulin regulation to control glucose level in the blood, thus resulting hyperglycemia [1, 2]. There are currently two major distinct types of DM, namely type-1 and type-2 diabetes. Type-1 diabetes corresponds with the inability of pancreatic hormonal glands to produce sufficient insulin to effectively regulate blood-sugar level, therefore called insulin-dependent diabetes. On the other hand, patients with type-2 diabetes are not suffered from insulin deficiency but instead, the inability of their body to fully utilise the produced insulin, hence non-insulin-dependent diabetes [1, 2]. Among the two types of DM, type-2 diabetes has been reportedly attributed for a major part of the global diabetes patient population [1]. In 2014, the world’s diabetes population has reached 422 million, an almost four-times increase than 1980 [1]. Type-2 diabetes has also been accounted as a major death cause. According to the WHO [1], it is estimated that one and a half million of people were dead due to the direct impacts of diabetes in 2012 and another two million deaths were related to higher blood-glucose level. The symptoms of these two types of diabetes are similar [1], e.g. excessive thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, and deteriorating eyesight [2]. Nevertheless,Show MoreRelated Complications of Diabetes Essay2032 Words   |  9 PagesComplications of Diabetes Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of developing primarily vascular complications that contribute to morbidity and mortality of diabetic patients. Poor glycaemic control leads to vascular complications that affect large (macrovascular), small (microvascular) vessels or both. Macrovascular complications include coronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease and stroke. Microvascular complications contribute to diabetic neuropathy (nerve damage), nephropathyRead MoreIntroduction to Diseases10781 Words   |  44 PagesHowever, lung sounds are usually normal between asthma episodes. Tests may include: †¢ Arterial blood gas †¢ Blood tests to measure eosinophil count (a type of white blood cell) and IgE (a type of immune system protein called an immunoglobulin) †¢ Chest x-ray †¢ Lung function tests †¢ Peak flow measurements Treatment can include the following: †¢ Controlling airway swelling †¢ Stay away from  substances that trigger your symptoms   You and your doctor should workRead MoreLiraglutide: Novel Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Essay3378 Words   |  14 Pagesfrom the L-cells in the colon and ileum in response to the ingestion of nutrients (Ryan, Foster, Jobe, 2011, p. 794). GLP-1 has a half-life of 2 minutes due to the action of the DPP-4 enzymes. GLP-1 agonists overcome this issue by having an altered structure that renders them less susceptible to DPP-4 enzymatic degradation thus prolonging the effects of GLP-1 (ADA, 2014, p. 621). The first glucagon-like peptide 1 agonist to be developed was exenatide. Exenatide was approved for use in theRead MoreHesi Practice31088 Words   |  125 PagesA. A neonate weighing less than 2,500 g (5 lb, 8 oz). B. A low-birth-weight neonate. C. A neonate born at less than 37 weeks gestation regardless of weight. D. A neonate diagnosed with intrauterine growth retardation. 2. A client with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus has just learned she s pregnant. The nurse is teaching her about insulin requirements during pregnancy. Which guideline should the nurse provide? A. Insulin requirements don t change during pregnancy. 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CAP is a disease in which individuals who have not recently been hospitalized develop an infection of the lungs. It occurs because the areas of the lung w hich absorbs oxygen (alveoli) from theRead MoreDental Question Bank33485 Words   |  134 Pages1 1. For lower premolars, the purpose of inclining the handpiece lingually is to A. B. C. D. Avoid buccal pulp horn Avoid lingual pulp horn Remove unsupported enamel Conserve lingual dentine 2. For an amalgam Restoration of weakened cusp you should A. B. C. Reduce cusp by 2mm on a flat base for more resistance Reduce cusp by 2mm following the outline of the cusp Reduce 2mm for retention form 3. Before filling a class V abrasion cavity with GIC you should A. B. C. 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It is imperative that patientsRead MoreLas 432 Research Paper: Gmos20901 Words   |  84 PagesLauren Kaminski 6 Political and Legal Issues with Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) – Thomas Graf 15 Figure 1 17 Figure 2 23 Implications for the Environment – Justin Greene 24 Economic Considerations – Stephanie Lopez 33 Cultural Context and Media Influence – Aakash Desai 41 Chart 1: 44 Chart 2: 47 Chart 3: 49 Psychological Considerations and Sociological Effects – Terrance O’Connor 51 Figure 3: 52 Figure 4: 55 Moral and Ethical Implications – Michele Jacobs 58 Figure 5: 62 Conclusion